-- ================================================================================ --
-- NEORV32 - Default Processor Testbench                                            --
-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --
-- The NEORV32 RISC-V Processor - https://github.com/stnolting/neorv32              --
-- Copyright (c) NEORV32 contributors.                                              --
-- Copyright (c) 2020 - 2026 Stephan Nolting. All rights reserved.                  --
-- Licensed under the BSD-3-Clause license, see LICENSE for details.                --
-- SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause                                            --
-- ================================================================================ --

library ieee;
use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use ieee.math_real.all;

library neorv32;
use neorv32.neorv32_package.all;

library work;
use work.jtag_dmi_pkg.all;

entity neorv32_tb is
  generic (
    JTAG_TESTS_EN     : boolean                        := true;        -- enable JTAG/DMI tests in testbench
    -- processor --
    CLOCK_FREQUENCY   : natural                        := 100_000_000; -- clock frequency of clk_i in Hz
    DUAL_CORE_EN      : boolean                        := true;        -- enable dual-core homogeneous SMP
    BOOT_MODE_SELECT  : natural range 0 to 2           := 2;           -- boot from pre-initialized IMEM
    BOOT_ADDR_CUSTOM  : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"00000000"; -- custom CPU boot address (if boot_config = 1)
    RISCV_ISA_C       : boolean                        := true;        -- compressed extension
    RISCV_ISA_E       : boolean                        := false;       -- embedded RF extension
    RISCV_ISA_M       : boolean                        := true;        -- mul/div extension
    RISCV_ISA_U       : boolean                        := true;        -- user mode extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zaamo   : boolean                        := true;        -- atomic read-modify-write operations extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zalrsc  : boolean                        := true;        -- atomic reservation-set operations extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zba     : boolean                        := true;        -- shifted-add bit-manipulation extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zbb     : boolean                        := true;        -- basic bit-manipulation extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zbc     : boolean                        := true;        -- carry-less multiplication instructions
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkb    : boolean                        := true;        -- bit-manipulation instructions for cryptography
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkc    : boolean                        := true;        -- carry-less multiplication instructions
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkx    : boolean                        := true;        -- cryptography crossbar permutation extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zbs     : boolean                        := true;        -- single-bit bit-manipulation extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zcb     : boolean                        := true;        -- additional code size reduction instructions
    RISCV_ISA_Zcmop   : boolean                        := true;        -- compressed may-be-operations
    RISCV_ISA_Zfinx   : boolean                        := true;        -- 32-bit floating-point extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zibi    : boolean                        := true;        -- branch with immediate
    RISCV_ISA_Zicntr  : boolean                        := true;        -- base counters
    RISCV_ISA_Zicond  : boolean                        := true;        -- integer conditional operations
    RISCV_ISA_Zihpm   : boolean                        := true;        -- hardware performance monitors
    RISCV_ISA_Zimop   : boolean                        := true;        -- may-be-operations
    RISCV_ISA_Zknd    : boolean                        := true;        -- cryptography NIST AES decryption extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zkne    : boolean                        := true;        -- cryptography NIST AES encryption extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zknh    : boolean                        := true;        -- cryptography NIST hash extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zksed   : boolean                        := true;        -- ShangMi block cipher extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zksh    : boolean                        := true;        -- ShangMi hash extension
    RISCV_ISA_Zmmul   : boolean                        := true;        -- multiply-only M sub-extension
    RISCV_ISA_Xcfu    : boolean                        := true;        -- custom (instr.) functions unit
    CPU_CONSTT_BR_EN  : boolean                        := false;       -- constant-time branches
    CPU_FAST_MUL_EN   : boolean                        := true;        -- use DSPs for M extension's multiplier
    CPU_FAST_SHIFT_EN : boolean                        := true;        -- use barrel shifter for shift operations
    CPU_RF_ARCH_SEL   : natural range 0 to 3           := 0;           -- register file implementation style select
    IMEM_EN           : boolean                        := true;        -- implement processor-internal instruction memory
    IMEM_BASE         : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"00000000"; -- base address of processor-internal instruction memory (naturally aligned)
    IMEM_SIZE         : natural                        := 32*1024;     -- size of processor-internal instruction memory in bytes (use a power of 2)
    DMEM_EN           : boolean                        := true;        -- implement processor-internal data memory
    DMEM_BASE         : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"80000000"; -- base address of processor-internal data memory (naturally aligned)
    DMEM_SIZE         : natural                        := 8*1024;      -- size of processor-internal data memory in bytes (use a power of 2)
    ICACHE_EN         : boolean                        := true;        -- implement instruction cache
    ICACHE_NUM_BLOCKS : natural range 1 to 4096        := 64;          -- i-cache: number of blocks, has to be a power of 2
    DCACHE_EN         : boolean                        := true;        -- implement data cache
    DCACHE_NUM_BLOCKS : natural range 1 to 4096        := 32;          -- d-cache: number of blocks, has to be a power of 2
    CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE  : natural range 4 to 1024        := 32;          -- i-cache/d-cache: block size in bytes, has to be a power of 2
    CACHE_BURSTS_EN   : boolean                        := true;        -- enable issuing of burst transfer for cache update
    TRACE_LOG_EN      : boolean                        := true;        -- write full trace log to file
    -- external memory A --
    EXT_MEM_A_EN      : boolean                        := false;       -- enable memory
    EXT_MEM_A_BASE    : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"00000000"; -- base address, has to be word-aligned
    EXT_MEM_A_SIZE    : natural                        := 64;          -- memory size in bytes, min 4
    EXT_MEM_A_LATE    : natural range 1 to 4096        := 20;          -- access latency cycles
    EXT_MEM_A_FILE    : string                         := "";          -- memory initialization file (plain HEX), no initialization if empty
    -- external memory B --
    EXT_MEM_B_EN      : boolean                        := false;       -- enable memory
    EXT_MEM_B_BASE    : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0) := x"80000000"; -- base address, has to be word-aligned
    EXT_MEM_B_SIZE    : natural                        := 64;          -- memory size in bytes, min 4
    EXT_MEM_B_LATE    : natural range 1 to 4096        := 40;          -- access latency cycles
    EXT_MEM_B_FILE    : string                         := ""           -- memory initialization file (plain HEX), no initialization if empty
  );
end neorv32_tb;

architecture neorv32_tb_rtl of neorv32_tb is

  -- generators --
  signal clk_en, clk_gen, rst_gen : std_ulogic;
  constant t_cpu_c : time := (1 sec) / CLOCK_FREQUENCY; -- CPU clock period

  -- IO connection --
  signal uart0_txd, uart0_ctsn, uart1_txd, uart1_ctsn : std_ulogic;
  signal gpio_dir, gpio_out, gpio_in : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
  signal gpio : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);
  signal i2c_scl, i2c_sda : std_logic;
  signal twi_scl_i, twi_scl_o, twi_sda_i, twi_sda_o : std_ulogic;
  signal twd_scl_i, twd_sda_i, twd_sda_o : std_ulogic;
  signal onewire : std_logic;
  signal onewire_i, onewire_o : std_ulogic;
  signal spi_csn : std_ulogic_vector(7 downto 0);
  signal spi_di, spi_do, spi_clk : std_ulogic;
  signal sdi_di, sdi_do, sdi_clk, sdi_csn : std_ulogic;
  signal msi, mei, mti : std_ulogic;
  signal jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo : std_ulogic;

  -- slink --
  type slink_t is record
    data  : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0); -- data
    addr  : std_ulogic_vector(3 downto 0); -- source/destination ID
    valid : std_ulogic; -- source valid
    last  : std_ulogic; -- last element of packet
    ready : std_ulogic; -- sink ready
  end record;
  signal slink_tx, slink_rx : slink_t;

  -- XBUS --
  signal xbus_core_req, xbus_ext_mem_a_req, xbus_ext_mem_b_req, xbus_mmio_req, xbus_trig_req : xbus_req_t;
  signal xbus_core_rsp, xbus_ext_mem_a_rsp, xbus_ext_mem_b_rsp, xbus_mmio_rsp, xbus_trig_rsp : xbus_rsp_t;
  signal xbus_rom_req, xbus_ram_req, xbus_fmem_data_req, xbus_fmem_tag_req : xbus_req_t;
  signal xbus_rom_rsp, xbus_ram_rsp, xbus_fmem_data_rsp, xbus_fmem_tag_rsp : xbus_rsp_t;

begin

  -- Clock & Reset Generators ---------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  rst_gen <= '0', '1' after 30*(t_cpu_c/2);
  clk_en  <= '0', '1' after 60*(t_cpu_c/2);
  clk_gen <= (not clk_gen) and clk_en after (t_cpu_c/2);


  -- JTAG test ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  jtag_test: process
    variable tmp_v : std_ulogic_vector(31 downto 0);
  begin
    jtag_tck <= '0';
    jtag_tms <= '0';
    jtag_tdi <= '0';
    wait for 100*t_cpu_c;

    if JTAG_TESTS_EN then
      -- reset JTAG tap --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Resetting JTAG tap...";
      jtag_reset(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo);

      -- enable DM (dmcontrol[0]) --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Enabling debug module...";
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", x"00000001"); -- dmcontrol

      -- authenticate (assuming the default authenticator) --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Authenticating...";
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0110000", x"00000001"); -- authdata
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010001", tmp_v); -- dmstatus
      if (tmp_v(7 downto 0) = x"83") then
        report "[TB:JTAG] JTAG access authenticated.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] Cannot authenticate! (dmstatus = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;

      -- halt CPU core 0 --
      report "[TB:JTAG] Halting CPU-0...";
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      tmp_v := tmp_v or x"80000000"; -- set haltreq (bit 31)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010001", tmp_v); -- dmstatus
      if (tmp_v(8) = '1') then
        report "[TB:JTAG] CPU-0 halted.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] Cannot halt CPU-0! (dmstatus = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;

      -- write data word to testbench "external IO memory" --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Writing to memory via program buffer...";
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0100000", x"00942023"); -- progbuf0 = sw x9, 0(x8)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0100001", x"00000013"); -- progbuf1 = nop
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0000100", x"F0000000"); -- data0 = memory address
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010111", x"00231008"); -- command = write data0 -> x8
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0000100", x"0cd7e571"); -- data0 = data ("ocd test!")
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010111", x"00271009"); -- command = rite data0 -> x9 + postexec
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010110", tmp_v); -- abstractcs
      if (tmp_v(10 downto 8) = "000") then -- no error?
        report "[TB:JTAG] Memory write successful.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] Memory write FAILED! (abstractcs = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;

      -- reset CPU --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Resetting SoC and halting CPU-0...";
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      tmp_v := tmp_v or x"00000002"; -- set ndmreset (bit 1)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      wait for 2*t_cpu_c;
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      tmp_v := tmp_v and x"FFFFFFFD"; -- clear ndmreset (bit 1)
      tmp_v := tmp_v or  x"80000000"; -- set haltreq (bit 31)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      wait for 2*t_cpu_c;
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010001", tmp_v); -- dmstatus
      if (tmp_v(19) = '1') and (tmp_v(9) = '1') then
        report "[TB:JTAG] CPU-0 reset and halted.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] CPU-0 not reset/halted! (dmstatus = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;

      -- resume CPU --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Resuming CPU-0...";
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      tmp_v := tmp_v and x"7FFFFFFF"; -- clear haltreq (bit 31)
      tmp_v := tmp_v or  x"40000000"; -- set resumereq (bit 30)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010001", tmp_v); -- dmstatus
      if (tmp_v(17) = '1') then -- allresumeack
        report "[TB:JTAG] CPU-0 resumed.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] Cannot resume CPU-0! (dmstatus = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      tmp_v := tmp_v and x"BFFFFFFF"; -- clear resumereq (bit 30)
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol

      -- disable DM --
      wait for 10*t_cpu_c;
      report "[TB:JTAG] Disabling debug module...";
      dmi_write(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", x"00000000"); -- dmcontrol
      dmi_read(jtag_tck, jtag_tms, jtag_tdi, jtag_tdo, "0010000", tmp_v); -- dmcontrol
      if (tmp_v = x"00000000") then
        report "[TB:JTAG] Debug module disabled.";
      else
        report "[TB:JTAG] Debug module not disabled! (dmstatus = " & to_hexstring_f(tmp_v) & ")" severity error;
      end if;
    end if;

    wait;
  end process jtag_test;


  -- The Core of the Problem ----------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  neorv32_top_inst: neorv32_top
  generic map (
    -- General --
    CLOCK_FREQUENCY     => CLOCK_FREQUENCY,
    TRACE_PORT_EN       => true,
    DUAL_CORE_EN        => DUAL_CORE_EN,
    -- Boot Configuration --
    BOOT_MODE_SELECT    => BOOT_MODE_SELECT,
    BOOT_ADDR_CUSTOM    => BOOT_ADDR_CUSTOM,
    -- On-Chip Debugger (OCD) --
    OCD_EN              => true,
    OCD_NUM_HW_TRIGGERS => 3,
    OCD_AUTHENTICATION  => true,
    -- RISC-V CPU Extensions --
    RISCV_ISA_C         => RISCV_ISA_C,
    RISCV_ISA_E         => RISCV_ISA_E,
    RISCV_ISA_M         => RISCV_ISA_M,
    RISCV_ISA_U         => RISCV_ISA_U,
    RISCV_ISA_Zaamo     => RISCV_ISA_Zaamo,
    RISCV_ISA_Zalrsc    => RISCV_ISA_Zalrsc,
    RISCV_ISA_Zba       => RISCV_ISA_Zba,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbb       => RISCV_ISA_Zbb,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbc       => RISCV_ISA_Zbc,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkb      => RISCV_ISA_Zbkb,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkc      => RISCV_ISA_Zbkc,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbkx      => RISCV_ISA_Zbkx,
    RISCV_ISA_Zbs       => RISCV_ISA_Zbs,
    RISCV_ISA_Zcb       => RISCV_ISA_Zcb,
    RISCV_ISA_Zcmop     => RISCV_ISA_Zcmop,
    RISCV_ISA_Zfinx     => RISCV_ISA_Zfinx,
    RISCV_ISA_Zibi      => RISCV_ISA_Zibi,
    RISCV_ISA_Zicntr    => RISCV_ISA_Zicntr,
    RISCV_ISA_Zicond    => RISCV_ISA_Zicond,
    RISCV_ISA_Zihpm     => RISCV_ISA_Zihpm,
    RISCV_ISA_Zimop     => RISCV_ISA_Zimop,
    RISCV_ISA_Zknd      => RISCV_ISA_Zknd,
    RISCV_ISA_Zkne      => RISCV_ISA_Zkne,
    RISCV_ISA_Zknh      => RISCV_ISA_Zknh,
    RISCV_ISA_Zksed     => RISCV_ISA_Zksed,
    RISCV_ISA_Zksh      => RISCV_ISA_Zksh,
    RISCV_ISA_Zmmul     => RISCV_ISA_Zmmul,
    RISCV_ISA_Smcntrpmf => true,
    RISCV_ISA_Xcfu      => RISCV_ISA_Xcfu,
    -- Extension Options --
    CPU_CONSTT_BR_EN    => CPU_CONSTT_BR_EN,
    CPU_FAST_MUL_EN     => CPU_FAST_MUL_EN,
    CPU_FAST_SHIFT_EN   => CPU_FAST_SHIFT_EN,
    CPU_RF_ARCH_SEL     => CPU_RF_ARCH_SEL,
    -- Physical Memory Protection (PMP) --
    PMP_NUM_REGIONS     => 5,
    PMP_MIN_GRANULARITY => 4,
    PMP_TOR_MODE_EN     => true,
    PMP_NAP_MODE_EN     => true,
    -- Hardware Performance Monitors (HPM) --
    HPM_NUM_CNTS        => 29,
    HPM_CNT_WIDTH       => 64,
    -- Internal Instruction memory --
    IMEM_EN             => IMEM_EN,
    IMEM_BASE           => IMEM_BASE,
    IMEM_SIZE           => IMEM_SIZE,
    IMEM_OUTREG_EN      => false,
    -- Internal Data memory --
    DMEM_EN             => DMEM_EN,
    DMEM_BASE           => DMEM_BASE,
    DMEM_SIZE           => DMEM_SIZE,
    DMEM_OUTREG_EN      => true,
    -- CPU Caches --
    ICACHE_EN           => ICACHE_EN,
    ICACHE_NUM_BLOCKS   => ICACHE_NUM_BLOCKS,
    DCACHE_EN           => DCACHE_EN,
    DCACHE_NUM_BLOCKS   => DCACHE_NUM_BLOCKS,
    CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE    => CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE,
    CACHE_BURSTS_EN     => CACHE_BURSTS_EN,
    CACHE_UC_BASE       => x"F0000000",
    -- External Bus Interface (XBUS) --
    XBUS_EN             => true,
    XBUS_TIMEOUT        => 2048,
    XBUS_REGSTAGE_EN    => true,
    -- General-Purpose Input/Output Controller (GPIO) --
    IO_GPIO_NUM         => 32,
    IO_GPIO_DIR_EN      => true,
    -- RISC-V Core-Local Interruptor (CLINT) --
    IO_CLINT_EN         => true,
    IO_UART0_EN         => true,
    -- Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART0/UART1) --
    IO_UART0_RX_FIFO    => 32,
    IO_UART0_TX_FIFO    => 32,
    IO_UART1_EN         => true,
    IO_UART1_RX_FIFO    => 1,
    IO_UART1_TX_FIFO    => 1,
    -- Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI Host, SDI Device) --
    IO_SPI_EN           => true,
    IO_SPI_FIFO         => 4,
    IO_SDI_EN           => true,
    IO_SDI_FIFO         => 4,
    -- Two-Wire Interface (TWI Host, TWD Device) --
    IO_TWI_EN           => true,
    IO_TWI_FIFO         => 4,
    IO_TWD_EN           => true,
    IO_TWD_RX_FIFO      => 4,
    IO_TWD_TX_FIFO      => 4,
    -- Pulse-Width Modulation Controller (PWM) --
    IO_PWM_NUM          => 8,
    -- Watchdog Timer (WDT) --
    IO_WDT_EN           => true,
    -- True-Random Number Generator (TRNG) --
    IO_TRNG_EN          => true,
    IO_TRNG_FIFO        => 4,
    IO_TRNG_NUM_RO      => 3,
    IO_TRNG_NUM_INV     => 5,
    IO_TRNG_NUM_RBIT    => 64,
    -- Custom Functions Subsystem (CFS) --
    IO_CFS_EN           => true,
    -- Smart LED interface (NEOLED) --
    IO_NEOLED_EN        => true,
    IO_NEOLED_TX_FIFO   => 8,
    -- General-Purpose Timer (GPTMR) --
    IO_GPTMR_NUM        => 4,
    -- 1-Wire Interface (ONEWIRE) --
    IO_ONEWIRE_EN       => true,
    IO_ONEWIRE_FIFO     => 8,
    -- Direct Memory Access Controller (DMA) --
    IO_DMA_EN           => true,
    IO_DMA_DSC_FIFO     => 8,
    -- Stream Link Interface (SLINK) --
    IO_SLINK_EN         => true,
    IO_SLINK_RX_FIFO    => 4,
    IO_SLINK_TX_FIFO    => 1,
    -- Instruction Tracer (TRACER) --
    IO_TRACER_EN        => true,
    IO_TRACER_BUFFER    => 32,
    IO_TRACER_SIMLOG_EN => TRACE_LOG_EN
  )
  port map (
    -- Global control --
    clk_i          => clk_gen,
    rstn_i         => rst_gen,
    rstn_ocd_o     => open,
    rstn_wdt_o     => open,
    -- Execution trace --
    trace_cpu0_o   => open,
    trace_cpu1_o   => open,
    -- JTAG on-chip debugger interface --
    jtag_tck_i     => jtag_tck,
    jtag_tdi_i     => jtag_tdi,
    jtag_tdo_o     => jtag_tdo,
    jtag_tms_i     => jtag_tms,
    -- External bus interface --
    xbus_adr_o     => xbus_core_req.addr,
    xbus_dat_o     => xbus_core_req.data,
    xbus_cti_o     => xbus_core_req.cti,
    xbus_tag_o     => xbus_core_req.tag,
    xbus_we_o      => xbus_core_req.we,
    xbus_sel_o     => xbus_core_req.sel,
    xbus_stb_o     => xbus_core_req.stb,
    xbus_cyc_o     => xbus_core_req.cyc,
    xbus_dat_i     => xbus_core_rsp.data,
    xbus_ack_i     => xbus_core_rsp.ack,
    xbus_err_i     => xbus_core_rsp.err,
    -- Stream Link Interface --
    slink_rx_dat_i => slink_rx.data,
    slink_rx_src_i => slink_rx.addr,
    slink_rx_val_i => slink_rx.valid,
    slink_rx_lst_i => slink_rx.last,
    slink_rx_rdy_o => slink_rx.ready,
    slink_tx_dat_o => slink_tx.data,
    slink_tx_dst_o => slink_tx.addr,
    slink_tx_val_o => slink_tx.valid,
    slink_tx_lst_o => slink_tx.last,
    slink_tx_rdy_i => slink_tx.ready,
    -- GPIO --
    gpio_dir_o     => gpio_dir,
    gpio_o         => gpio_out,
    gpio_i         => gpio_in,
    -- primary UART0 --
    uart0_txd_o    => uart0_txd,
    uart0_rxd_i    => uart1_txd,
    uart0_rtsn_o   => uart0_ctsn,
    uart0_ctsn_i   => uart1_ctsn,
    -- secondary UART1 --
    uart1_txd_o    => uart1_txd,
    uart1_rxd_i    => uart0_txd,
    uart1_rtsn_o   => uart1_ctsn,
    uart1_ctsn_i   => uart0_ctsn,
    -- SPI --
    spi_clk_o      => spi_clk,
    spi_dat_o      => spi_do,
    spi_dat_i      => spi_di,
    spi_csn_o      => spi_csn,
    -- SDI --
    sdi_clk_i      => sdi_clk,
    sdi_dat_o      => sdi_do,
    sdi_dat_i      => sdi_di,
    sdi_csn_i      => sdi_csn,
    -- TWI --
    twi_sda_i      => twi_sda_i,
    twi_sda_o      => twi_sda_o,
    twi_scl_i      => twi_scl_i,
    twi_scl_o      => twi_scl_o,
    -- TWD --
    twd_sda_i      => twd_sda_i,
    twd_sda_o      => twd_sda_o,
    twd_scl_i      => twd_scl_i,
    -- 1-Wire Interface --
    onewire_i      => onewire_i,
    onewire_o      => onewire_o,
    -- PWM --
    pwm_o          => open,
    -- Custom Functions Subsystem IO --
    cfs_in_i       => (others => '0'),
    cfs_out_o      => open,
    -- NeoPixel-compatible smart LED interface --
    neoled_o       => open,
    -- Machine timer system time --
    mtime_time_o   => open,
    -- CPU Interrupts --
    irq_msi_i      => msi,
    irq_mti_i      => mti,
    irq_mei_i      => mei
  );


  -- Bidirectional GPIO ---------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  gpio_gen:
  for i in 0 to 31 generate
    gpio(i) <= std_logic(gpio_out(i)) when (gpio_dir(i) = '1') else 'Z'; -- drive
  end generate;

  gpio_in <= std_ulogic_vector(gpio); -- sense
  gpio    <= (others => 'L'); -- weak pull-downs


  -- Two-Wire Bus - Tri-State Drivers (modules can only actively pull low) ------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  i2c_sda   <= '0' when (twi_sda_o = '0') else 'Z';
  i2c_scl   <= '0' when (twi_scl_o = '0') else 'Z';
  twi_sda_i <= std_ulogic(i2c_sda); -- sense input
  twi_scl_i <= std_ulogic(i2c_scl); -- sense input

  i2c_sda   <= '0' when (twd_sda_o = '0') else 'Z';
  twd_sda_i <= std_ulogic(i2c_sda); -- sense input
  twd_scl_i <= std_ulogic(i2c_scl); -- sense input

  -- I2C bus termination with weak pull-ups --
  i2c_scl <= 'H';
  i2c_sda <= 'H';


  -- One-Wire Bus - Tri-State Driver (module can only actively pull low) --------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  onewire   <= '0' when (onewire_o = '0') else 'Z';
  onewire_i <= std_ulogic(onewire); -- sense input

  -- 1-Wire bus termination with weak pull-up --
  onewire <= 'H';


  -- SPI/SDI Loop-Back ----------------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  sdi_clk <= spi_clk;
  sdi_csn <= spi_csn(7);
  sdi_di  <= spi_do;
  spi_di  <= sdi_do when (spi_csn(7) = '0') else spi_do;


  -- Stream-Link FIFO Buffer ----------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  slink_buffer: entity neorv32.neorv32_prim_fifo
  generic map (
    AWIDTH  => 0,
    DWIDTH  => 32+4+1,
    OUTGATE => true
  )
  port map (
    -- global control --
    clk_i                 => clk_gen,
    rstn_i                => rst_gen,
    clear_i               => '0',
    -- write port --
    wdata_i(31 downto  0) => slink_tx.data,
    wdata_i(35 downto 32) => slink_tx.addr,
    wdata_i(36)           => slink_tx.last,
    we_i                  => slink_tx.valid,
    free_o                => slink_tx.ready,
    -- read port --
    re_i                  => slink_rx.ready,
    rdata_o(31 downto  0) => slink_rx.data,
    rdata_o(35 downto 32) => slink_rx.addr,
    rdata_o(36)           => slink_rx.last,
    avail_o               => slink_rx.valid
  );


  -- UART Simulation Receivers --------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  sim_rx_uart0: entity work.sim_uart_rx
  generic map (
    NAME => "tb.uart0_rx",
    FCLK => real(CLOCK_FREQUENCY),
    BAUD => real(19200)
  )
  port map (
    clk => clk_gen,
    rxd => uart0_txd
  );

  sim_rx_uart1: entity work.sim_uart_rx
  generic map (
    NAME => "tb.uart1_rx",
    FCLK => real(CLOCK_FREQUENCY),
    BAUD => real(19200)
  )
  port map (
    clk => clk_gen,
    rxd => uart1_txd
  );


  -- XBUS / Wishbone Interconnect -----------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_interconnect: entity work.xbus_gateway
  generic map (
    -- device address size in bytes and base address --
    DEV_0_EN => EXT_MEM_A_EN, DEV_0_SIZE => EXT_MEM_A_SIZE,   DEV_0_BASE => EXT_MEM_A_BASE,
    DEV_1_EN => EXT_MEM_B_EN, DEV_1_SIZE => EXT_MEM_B_SIZE,   DEV_1_BASE => EXT_MEM_B_BASE,
    DEV_2_EN => true,         DEV_2_SIZE => 8,                DEV_2_BASE => x"F0000000",
    DEV_3_EN => true,         DEV_3_SIZE => 4,                DEV_3_BASE => x"FF000000",
    DEV_4_EN => true,         DEV_4_SIZE => 16,               DEV_4_BASE => x"FF100000",
    DEV_5_EN => true,         DEV_5_SIZE => 16,               DEV_5_BASE => x"FF200000",
    DEV_6_EN => true,         DEV_6_SIZE => CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE, DEV_6_BASE => x"E0000000",
    DEV_7_EN => true,         DEV_7_SIZE => CACHE_BLOCK_SIZE, DEV_7_BASE => x"E1000000"
  )
  port map (
    -- host port --
    host_req_i  => xbus_core_req,
    host_rsp_o  => xbus_core_rsp,
    -- device ports --
    dev_0_req_o => xbus_ext_mem_a_req, dev_0_rsp_i => xbus_ext_mem_a_rsp,
    dev_1_req_o => xbus_ext_mem_b_req, dev_1_rsp_i => xbus_ext_mem_b_rsp,
    dev_2_req_o => xbus_mmio_req,      dev_2_rsp_i => xbus_mmio_rsp,
    dev_3_req_o => xbus_trig_req,      dev_3_rsp_i => xbus_trig_rsp,
    dev_4_req_o => xbus_fmem_data_req, dev_4_rsp_i => xbus_fmem_data_rsp,
    dev_5_req_o => xbus_fmem_tag_req,  dev_5_rsp_i => xbus_fmem_tag_rsp,
    dev_6_req_o => xbus_rom_req,       dev_6_rsp_i => xbus_rom_rsp,
    dev_7_req_o => xbus_ram_req,       dev_7_rsp_i => xbus_ram_rsp
  );


  -- XBUS: External Memory A (cached) -------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_external_memory_a_enable:
  if EXT_MEM_A_EN generate
    xbus_external_memory_a: entity work.xbus_memory
    generic map (
      MEM_RST  => false,
      MEM_SIZE => EXT_MEM_A_SIZE,
      MEM_LATE => EXT_MEM_A_LATE,
      MEM_FILE => EXT_MEM_A_FILE
    )
    port map (
      clk_i      => clk_gen,
      rstn_i     => rst_gen,
      xbus_req_i => xbus_ext_mem_a_req,
      xbus_rsp_o => xbus_ext_mem_a_rsp
    );
  end generate;

  xbus_external_memory_a_disable:
  if not EXT_MEM_A_EN generate
    xbus_ext_mem_a_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
  end generate;


  -- XBUS: External Memory B (cached) -------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_external_memory_b_enable:
  if EXT_MEM_B_EN generate
    xbus_external_memory_b: entity work.xbus_memory
    generic map (
      MEM_RST  => false,
      MEM_SIZE => EXT_MEM_B_SIZE,
      MEM_LATE => EXT_MEM_B_LATE,
      MEM_FILE => EXT_MEM_B_FILE
    )
    port map (
      clk_i      => clk_gen,
      rstn_i     => rst_gen,
      xbus_req_i => xbus_ext_mem_b_req,
      xbus_rsp_o => xbus_ext_mem_b_rsp
    );
  end generate;

  xbus_external_memory_b_disable:
  if not EXT_MEM_B_EN generate
    xbus_ext_mem_b_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
  end generate;


  -- XBUS: External ROM/RAM Dummy (cached) --------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_mem_dummy: process(rst_gen, clk_gen)
  begin
    if (rst_gen = '0') then
      xbus_rom_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
      xbus_ram_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
    elsif rising_edge(clk_gen) then
      xbus_rom_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
      xbus_ram_rsp <= xbus_rsp_terminate_c;
      if (xbus_rom_req.cyc = '1') and (xbus_rom_req.stb = '1') then -- ROM access
        xbus_rom_rsp.data <= x"abcd1234";
        xbus_rom_rsp.ack  <= not xbus_rom_req.we;
        xbus_rom_rsp.err  <= xbus_rom_req.we; -- error if write access
      elsif (xbus_ram_req.cyc = '1') and (xbus_ram_req.stb = '1') then -- RAM access
        xbus_ram_rsp.data <= x"5678eeff";
        xbus_ram_rsp.ack  <= '1';
        xbus_ram_rsp.err  <= '0';
      end if;
    end if;
  end process xbus_mem_dummy;


  -- XBUS: External Memory-Mapped IO (uncached) ---------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_mmio: entity work.xbus_memory
  generic map (
    MEM_RST  => true,
    MEM_SIZE => 8,
    MEM_LATE => 16,
    MEM_FILE => "" -- no initialization
  )
  port map (
    clk_i      => clk_gen,
    rstn_i     => rst_gen,
    xbus_req_i => xbus_mmio_req,
    xbus_rsp_o => xbus_mmio_rsp
  );


  -- XBUS: External IRQ Trigger -------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_irq_trigger: process(rst_gen, clk_gen)
  begin
    if (rst_gen = '0') then
      msi <= '0';
      mti <= '0';
      mei <= '0';
    elsif rising_edge(clk_gen) then
      -- bus response defaults --
      xbus_trig_rsp.data <= (others => '0');
      xbus_trig_rsp.ack  <= '0';
      xbus_trig_rsp.err  <= '0';
      -- trigger RISC-V platform IRQs --
      if ((xbus_trig_req.cyc and xbus_trig_req.stb and xbus_trig_req.we and and_reduce_f(xbus_trig_req.sel)) = '1') then
        xbus_trig_rsp.ack <= '1';
        msi <= xbus_trig_req.data(03); -- machine software interrupt
        mti <= xbus_trig_req.data(07); -- machine timer interrupt
        mei <= xbus_trig_req.data(11); -- machine external interrupt
      end if;
    end if;
  end process xbus_irq_trigger;


  -- XBUS: Bus-Error-Test-Memory ------------------------------------------------------------
  -- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  xbus_fmem_inst: entity work.xbus_fmem
  generic map (
    MEM_SIZE => 16
  )
  port map (
    clk_i     => clk_gen,
    rstn_i    => rst_gen,
    tag_req_i => xbus_fmem_tag_req,
    tag_rsp_o => xbus_fmem_tag_rsp,
    mem_req_i => xbus_fmem_data_req,
    mem_rsp_o => xbus_fmem_data_rsp
  );

end neorv32_tb_rtl;
